What to check before buying property in Ghana

Check the seller before the asking price

Ask who has authority to sell or assign the interest and which records establish that authority. The person arranging the viewing may not be the legal owner. Family, company, stool or estate interests may require additional checks and approvals. Your independent lawyer should establish the correct position.

Documents worth requesting

• Relevant registered title, deed or lease documentation
• Site or unit plan suitable for professional verification
• Current official Lands Commission search where applicable
• Proof of the seller's identity and legal authority
• Consents, restrictions and any outstanding encumbrances
• Approvals and completion records relevant to the building
• Ground rent, service charge and other outstanding bills
• Estate rules affecting occupancy, renovations or short lets

The requirements vary by property and transaction. The Lands Commission deed registration requirements include approved plans, the parties' details, signatures and supporting instruments.

Inspect the property, not just the documents

Ask about water storage, backup power, ventilation, drainage, safety measures, access and maintenance. In an apartment block, ask about lift servicing, generators, management charges and the way complaints are handled. Commission an independent inspection if there are signs of defects or major works.

Check the right to rent it out

If the purchase is for Airbnb, require written confirmation of the building's short-let policy and consider relevant Ghana Tourism Authority requirements. A developer's claim that an apartment is "Airbnb ready" does not establish legal permission, occupancy or profitability.

For costs, compare the model in our Airbnb property buyer guide with actual quotes from the building and operator.

Keep a simple issues register

Write down each unanswered question, the person responsible, the evidence received and whether an independent professional has cleared it. If a serious issue is deferred until after completion, ask your lawyer whether it should be resolved first.